The “first Thanksgiving” was in 1621 between the Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony and the Wampanoag tribe in present day Massachusetts to celebrate the harvest and other blessings of the previous year. In 1789, President George Washington, at the request of Congress, proclaimed Thursday, November 26, as a day of national thanksgiving. In 1863, Abraham Lincoln proclaimed the national holiday of Thanksgiving to be the last Thursday of November.
Americans and Canadians continue to celebrate this holiday as a time for family and friends to gather, feast, and reflect upon their many blessings. Like most, I am very grateful for the simple things; family, good friends, food, shelter, and health. This year, I am also thankful for the dedicated scientists who developed the COVID 19 vaccination so we can safely enjoy Thanksgiving with our families. It turns out that being grateful is, not only reflective and cleansing; it is also good for your health!
Grateful people are more likely to behave in a prosocial manner, even when it is not reciprocated. A study by the University of Kentucky found those ranking higher on gratitude scales were less likely to retaliate against others, even when others were less kind. Emmons and McCullough conducted one of the most detailed studies on thankfulness. They monitored the happiness of a group of people after they performed the following exercise:
There are many things in our lives, both large and small, that we might be grateful about. Think back over the past week and write down on the lines below up to five things in your life that you are grateful or thankful for.” The study showed that people who are encouraged to think of things they’re grateful for are approximately 10% happier than those who are not.
Conclusion: Amy Morin, psychotherapist, mental health trainer and bestselling author offers this advice: “Developing an “attitude of gratitude” is one of the simplest ways to improve your satisfaction with life. We all have the ability and opportunity to cultivate gratitude. Simply take a few moments to focus on all that you have, rather than complain about all the things you think you deserve.” So…be grateful and have a happy Thanksgiving!
Source: NIH, Forbes, Amy Morin “13 Things Mentally Strong People Don’t Do.”
NEXT MONDAY – Read Dr. Paul J. Mackarey “Health & Exercise Forum!”
This article is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have questions related to your medical condition, please contact your family physician. For further inquires related to this topic email: drpmackarey@msn.com
Paul J. Mackarey PT, DHSc, OCS is a Doctor in Health Sciences specializing in orthopaedic and sports physical therapy. Dr. Mackarey is in private practice and is an associate professor of clinical medicine at GCSOM.
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November is National Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) month. COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This problem refers to a group of lung diseases that causes damage to the airways and air sacs in the lungs. People with COPD suffer from diminished airflow and difficulty breathing. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are two of the most common types of COPD. The damage can't be reversed, so treatment includes medications and lifestyle changes designed to control symptoms and minimize further damage, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Exercise is an important part of life for those with COPD because it improves the overall strength and endurance of respiratory muscles. When you exercise, muscles adapt and use oxygen more efficiently so your lungs don't have to work so hard. Also, in addition to improvement in breathing, exercise boosts mental health, helps maintain a healthy weight and blood pressure, and improves circulation. Most importantly, exercise will improve your quality of life with COPD. Before you begin an exercise program, see your family physician or pulmonologist for approval. Then, see a physical therapist to design a program specific to you needs. Always begin slowly and rest if you get short of breath, have chest pain, feel dizzy or sick to your stomach.
While not all of these endurance exercises may be appropriate for you, one or two of these may offer a good starting point.
Walk Around the House – Start walking around the house for 1-2 minutes nonstop. Every 1-2 hours. Then, add 1-2 minutes every week.
Static Marching – hold onto the countertop or back of chair and march in place for 30 seconds. Rest 1-2 minutes and repeat. Do 5 cycles. Add 5-10 seconds every week.
Climb the Steps – If you can do so safely, use the steps for exercise 1-2 times per day. Then, add 1-2 times per day.
Walk the Mall/Treadmill – If you are able to get out of the house and can tolerate more extensive endurance exercises, get out and walk the malls or use a treadmill.
Recumbent Bike – If balance is a problem, but you can tolerate more extensive. Endurance exercise, use a recumbent bike (a bike with a backrest)
Walking is free exercise and can be done in some form by almost everyone…even with an assistive device such as a cane or walker. For those with COPD who are active and fit – walk 4-5 days per week for 30 to 45 minutes. Less fit individuals can walk for 15 to 20 minutes. For those with COPD who are in poor condition and have significant SOB – walk for 2-3 minutes (to the bathroom or around the house) every 30 to 45 minutes. Try not to sit for 60 minutes without getting up and walking around.
Posture exercises are designed to keep your body more upright and prevent rounded shoulders and forward head/neck. More erect posture promotes better breathing. Perform 5 repetitions each 3 -5 times per day
Row-The-Boat - Pinch shoulder blades together as if you are rowing a boat.
I-Don’t-Know – Shrug shoulders up toward the ears as you do when you say “I don’t know.”
Chin Tucks – Bring your head back over your shoulders and tuck your chin in
Bicep Curls – sit in chair and bend your elbows up and down with a can of peas in your hands
Wrist Curls – as above but bend your wrists up and down
Chair Push-ups – Push up with your arms to get out of a chair
Saw Wood – pull a light resistance band (yellow) back from a door knob as if you were sawing wood.
Hip Hikes – Sit in chair and march by hiking your hip and lifting up your heel 4-6 inches off the floor
Leg Kicks – Sit in chair and kick your knee out straight – then bend it down to the floor
Hips Out and In – Sit in chair and bring your knees in and out against a resistance band
Toe Raise/Heel Raise – Sit in chair and raise your toes up – then raise your heels up
Diaphragmatic Breathing - The diaphragm muscle is essential for breathing. While sitting or lying down, put one hand on your abdomen and the other on your chest. Slowly inhale through your nose and try to separate the hand your stomach from the hand on your chest. Then, slowly exhale through pursed lips.
Pursed Lipped Breathing - breathe in through your nose slowly for 3- 5 seconds. Then, purse your lips as though you're going to whistle. Lastly, exhale slowing through the pursed lips over 5 to 10 seconds.
“Better Breathers Club,” in conjunction with the American Lung Association, offers a free local support group to help patients and their families suffering from COPD and chronic lung disease. For more information contact the American Lung Association at www.lung.org
NEXT MONDAY – Read Dr. Paul J. Mackarey “Health & Exercise Forum!”
This article is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have questions related to your medical condition, please contact your family physician. For further inquires related to this topic email: drpmackarey@msn.com
Paul J. Mackarey PT, DHSc, OCS is a Doctor in Health Sciences specializing in orthopaedic and sports physical therapy. Dr. Mackarey is in private practice in downtown Scranton, PA and is an associate professor of clinical medicine at GCSOM.
World COPD Day 2022 is Wednesday November 16th! The purpose of this two part series on lung disease is to raise the level of awareness for the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become the fourth leading cause of death and is one of the only major chronic diseases which has seen an increase in mortality rates. COPD includes emphysema, chronic bronchitis and asthma.
Patients with COPD suffer from progressive shortness of breath, cough, wheeze, and sputum production. Most patients with emphysema have been cigarette smokers.
Patients with emphysema develop obstruction to airflow as a result of narrowing of bronchial tubes due to excess mucous, smooth muscle constriction, and destruction of lung tissue. Eventually, the lungs become over distended, which leads to overexpansion of the chest itself. This process leads to the so-called ''barrel chest'' appearance of patients with advanced COPD.
The most common symptom of COPD is shortness of breath. Initially the patient complains of shortness of breath only with exertion, but symptoms progress over time to include difficulty breathing, even at rest. Eventually the disease worsens to the point that oxygen is required and the patient may become severely disabled.
Treatment of COPD starts with smoking cessation, and, when symptomatic, patients are started on inhaled bronchodilator medications. Some of these medications include albuterol, ipratropium, titotropium, and inhaled steroids. Long-acting bronchodilators such as formoterol or salmeterol and theophylline medications may be added. Oxygen is added when the patient's own oxygen level falls to a certain point. In fact, oxygen is the only therapy that has been shown to prolong the life of patients with COPD.
Over time, patients with COPD decrease their level of activity due to the sensation of shortness of breath. This downhill slide eventually leads to a very sedentary existence. Recent studies have shown that COPD not only affects the lungs, but is a condition which affects the diaphragm and the peripheral muscles. Patients with COPD have been shown to have abnormal limb muscles as a result of deconditioning and systemic inflammation.
Pulmonary rehabilitation has been shown in numerous studies to decrease the shortness of breath associated with COPD. Exercises to strengthen the arms are helpful to assist patients in performing activities of daily living such as combing hair, cooking, and reaching objects above their heads. Walking and riding a stationary bike are helpful to exercise the leg muscles, especially the large thigh muscles. Despite the fact that exercise programs may not improve lung function, the patients overall level of function are almost always improved.
Patients who participate in rehab programs have less shortness of breath, are less likely to be hospitalized, and have improved functional capacity. These patients have lower rates of healthcare utilization, and improved overall health status and quality of life scores. The ideal pulmonary rehabilitation program includes smoking cessation training, breathing and relaxation exercises, nutritional information, and training in proper use of medications. The most important feature of a pulmonary rehab program, however, is aerobic exercise involving the arms and legs.
Pulmonary rehabilitation is an integral part of the treatment of a patient with
COPD, and should be considered in any patient who can tolerate exercise. A cardiac stress test should be done to ensure that there are no occult coronary artery blockages or cardiac rhythm abnormalities.
In summary, COPD is a growing cause of disability, morbidity, and mortality. Medications, oxygen, and pulmonary rehabilitation can help to improve symptoms and quality of life. The combination of bronchodilator medications with pulmonary rehabilitation is the most effective approach when treating patients with COPD. Next week, in Lung Disease - Part II, learn more about pulmonary rehab for patients with COPD to improve their functional status.
Guest Columnist: Dr. Gregory Cali, DO – is a pulmonologist (lung doctor) in Dunmore, PA.
Visit your doctor regularly and listen to your body.
Keep moving, eat healthy foods, and exercise regularly
NEXT MONDAY – Read Dr. Paul J. Mackarey “Health & Exercise Forum!” COPD Part II – Exercise with COPD.
This article is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have questions related to your medical condition, please contact your family physician. For further inquires related to this topic email: drpmackarey@msn.com
Paul J. Mackarey PT, DHSc, OCS is a Doctor in Health Sciences specializing in orthopaedic and sports physical therapy. Dr. Mackarey is in private practice in downtown Scranton, PA and is an associate professor of clinical medicine at GCSOM.
See all of Dr. Mackarey's articles at www.mackareyphysicaltherapy.com/forum
According to the World Health Organization about half of the world’s adult population has had a headache at least once in the past year. Prolonged use of electronic devices has greatly contributed to this problem. For many people, these headaches are infrequent and do not often affect daily life. But what about when your headache occurs frequently or is so severe it prevents you from going about your day to day activities? Some types of headaches are more easily treated and managed than others.
There are two types of headaches: primary and secondary. Primary headaches occur without an underlying disease and include migraines and tension-type headaches. Secondary headaches can be associated with serious disease, requiring emergency care, or can be referred from other structures of the body such as the cervical spine (neck).
Headaches symptoms that may constitute a medical emergency are: vomiting, seizures, fever, muscle pain, night sweat, weight loss, and neurologic symptoms such as blurred vision. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, if your headache worsens, or your symptoms change it is recommended that you seek medical attention. Any headache that is unusual for you and does not resolve itself in a reasonable time should be brought to your primary care physician’s attention.
Migraines: Migraines are a primary form of headache that typically lasts from four to seventy two hours, can range from moderate to severe pain, and typically are located on only one side of the head. Often they can be accompanied by an aura, nausea or vomiting, sensitivity to sound, or light sensitivity. Migraines can be aggravated by routine physical activity such as going up stairs. This type of headache is thought to occur in the central nervous system and is related to blood vessels.
Tension-type: Tension-type headaches are the most common primary headache disorder and can last anywhere from thirty minutes to seven days. These can often have a pressing or tightening quality that occurs on both sides of the head. Here there is no nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity, or aggravation with physical activity. This type of headache is thought to occur in the central nervous system but can have a hereditary component and is usually associated with muscle tender points. Tension – type headaches can be treated with relaxation techniques such as Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), medications, and physical therapy.
The most common secondary headache that is not related to a serious medical condition is a cervicogenic headache (originating from the neck).
Cervicogenic Headache: The length of time a cervicogenic headache can last varies. Here the pain is on one side and usually starts in the neck. This type of headache is aggravated or preceded by head postures or movements of the neck. Due to the nerves of the neck and face sharing common connections, pain signals sent from one region can lead to discomfort in the other. Physical therapy can be an effective treatment to help relieve symptoms. For example: posture, exercise, ergonomics, massage, manual techniques, traction, trigger point, and acupressure.
A cervicogenic headache can be caused by an accident or trauma or can stem from neck movement or sustained postures. Sustained postures could mean sitting in front of a computer at work or looking down at your phone. Changing these postures throughout the day could help reduce symptoms. Changing postures could mean bringing your phone closer to you using pillows or another supportive surface when reading or checking social media. If you are someone who works at a desk, it could involve taking breaks or getting a standing desk. However your life requires you to move, there are some simple and effective exercises you can perform throughout the day to help cervicogenic headache symptoms.
5 TIPS FOR TENSION HEADACHES
Progressive Muscle Relaxation: PMR is an effective method for reducing tension throughout the body. With this method you first tense a muscle group, such as at the neck or shoulder, and then relax the muscles noting the difference between the two. This helps reduce both stress and tension. For more information or to learn how to do PMR, refer to podcast at: https://www.psychologies.co.uk/try-progressive-muscle-relaxation
Manage your stress level: While stressors vary from person to person, one method for managing stress is with exercise. Any form of exercise can help reduce stress, but a cost free method is aerobic exercise such as walking or running. A less time consuming method could be to perform deep breathing exercises throughout the day.
Heat or cold: When feeling sore or stiff, applying a hot or cold pack or taking a hot shower can help ease a tension headache.
Posture: Some tips for posture are to make sure your head is over your shoulders rather than sitting forward and making sure you are sitting or standing up straight with your shoulders back.
Over the counter medications: Talk to your doctor or pharmacist for additional information.
5 TIPS FOR CERVICAL HEADACHES
Posture: See tips listed under tension headaches.
Ergonomics: If your job or hobbies require you to sit for extended periods it may be beneficial to change positions throughout the day or consider getting a standing desk. Also, limit time on electronic devices. When sitting make sure the monitor is at eye level, your legs are able to fit under your desk, and you are close to the keyboard and monitor. If you are working with a laptop or phone, avoid putting it on your lap. Instead, bring your laptop closer to you by putting pillows on your lap.
Exercise: Some exercises to help relieve symptoms are chin tucks, shoulder blade pinches, and back extension. These exercises can be performed multiple times throughout the day in sitting or standing.
Physical Therapy: Physical therapy may include massage, manual techniques, stretching, traction/ decompression and exercise. A physical therapist can assess your posture and provide strategies specific to you.
Over the counter medications: While medication may not cure cervicogenic headaches, they may help relieve pain. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist for additional information.
Contibutor: Alexa Rzucidlo, PT, DPT
NEXT MONDAY – Read Dr. Paul J. Mackarey “Health & Exercise Forum!”
This article is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have questions related to your medical condition, please contact your family physician. For further inquires related to this topic email: drpmackarey@msn.com
Paul J. Mackarey PT, DHSc, OCS is a Doctor in Health Sciences specializing in orthopaedic and sports physical therapy. Dr. Mackarey is in private practice and is an associate professor of clinical medicine at Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine (formerly The Commonwealth Medical College).
As more of us become more comfortable living with COVID 19, travel plans have exploded. For 2 ½ years many have put air travel for family vacations on hold and we are eager to get back to air travel. As you may have gathered from my previous columns, travel is one of my passions. My family and I have been fortunate to have visited many spiritual places of natural wonder and beauty that we call our National Parks. Many of the parks are on the west coast and require some preparation to endure the many hours of travel by airplane through different time zones. Moreover, travel to other countries and continents, often requiring 8, 10, 16 or more non-stop hours on a plane can really take a toll on your mind and body and gave new meaning to the term “jet lag.”
According to the Mayo Clinic, jet lag, also known as jet lag disorder, is a sleep disorder that can occur in people who travel through different time zones in a short period of time, such as a flight from New York City to Los Angeles. Obviously, the further the distance traveled and the more time zones entered, the more significant and drastic the symptoms, as found, for example, in those traveling from the United States to Asia.
Sunlight has a direct impact on our internal clock by regulating melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep and wake cycles in the body. Travel through different time zones can affect the amount and duration of sunlight and therefore, impact the regulation of these cycles. The inability to regulate the cycles results in many symptoms.
Posture exercises are designed to keep your body more upright and prevent rounded shoulders and forward head/neck.
Read Dr. Mackarey’s Health & Exercise Forum – every Monday
This article is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have questions related to your medical condition, please contact your family physician. For further inquires related to this topic email: drpmackarey@msn.com
Paul J. Mackarey PT, DHSc, OCS is a Doctor in Health Sciences specializing in orthopaedic and sports physical therapy. Dr. Mackarey is in private practice and is an associate professor of clinical medicine at GCSOM.
Covid-19 has certainly redefined the workplace as many employees continue to work from home. Prolonged hours sitting at a workstation that may not be optimal has also changed the way we define workplace health and safety. It may be more important than ever to pay close attention to designing an ergonomic workstation, changing position, and stretching regularly to prevent injury.
Since 1894 Labor Day has been designated as the national holiday that pays tribute to the contributions and achievements of American workers. Research supports the notion that healthier employees are happier and more productive. When employers encourage healthy behavior and safety at work, they benefit in many ways. For example, in addition to improving job satisfaction and productivity, healthy employees save money by using less sick time, worker’s compensation benefits and health benefits. For example, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 75 percent of employers” health care costs are related to chronic medical problems such as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. Deconditioned, overweight employees are more likely to suffer from these preventable conditions and are at greater risk for injury. Employers, please consider using this holiday as an opportunity to start a health promotion program at your workplace…have a health fair, offer healthy snacks, encourage walking, smoking cessation, exercising at lunch, and offer fitness club stipends.
Lower back pain, one of the costliest illnesses to employers, is one example of a problem which can be prevented with a good health and safety program. It is widely accepted in the medical community that the best treatment for lower back pain (LBP) is prevention. Keeping fit, (flexible and strong), practicing good posture, and using proper body mechanics are essential in the prevention of LBP. At our clinic, significant time and effort is spent emphasizing the importance of these concepts to our patients, employees, and the businesses we work with through industrial medicine programs. A comprehensive approach can produce significant reductions in LBP injuries through an onsite safety program which promotes education, wellness, body mechanics, lifting techniques, postural and stretching exercises and ergonomics.
Visit your doctor regularly and listen to your body.
NEXT MONDAY – Read Dr. Paul J. Mackarey “Health & Exercise Forum!”
This article is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have questions related to your medical condition, please contact your family physician. For further inquires related to this topic email: drpmackarey@msn.com
Paul J. Mackarey PT, DHSc, OCS is a Doctor in Health Sciences specializing in orthopaedic and sports physical therapy. Dr. Mackarey is in private practice and is an associate professor of clinical medicine at GCSOM.
For all of Dr. Mackarey's articles visit: mackareyphysicaltherapy.com
This is the third of three columns dedicated to healthcare for college students. Please find these “10 Tips to Keep Yourself Healthy in College” helpful. However, no discussion regarding the health and wellness of college students would be complete and thorough without addressing what health care and university experts consider the two most dangerous behaviors on college campuses across the nation: binge drinking and unprotected sexual activity. While it is not my intent to offend the religious and moral values of any reader, it is my purpose to provoke direct and meaningful conversation between parents, religious leaders and students. To prevent serious health problems in college, parents must share their experience and discuss their values regarding sexual activity and alcohol consumption with children before they leave home to live independently in college. If you are unable to have a direct conversation about these issues, consider doing what several readers have done; mail a copy of this column to your child!
NEXT MONDAY – Read Dr. Paul J. Mackarey “Health & Exercise Forum!”
This article is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have questions related to your medical condition, please contact your family physician. For further inquires related to this topic email: drpmackarey@msn.com
Paul J. Mackarey PT, DHSc, OCS is a Doctor in Health Sciences specializing in orthopaedic and sports physical therapy. Dr. Mackarey is in private practice and is an associate professor of clinical medicine at GCSOM.
For all of Dr. Mackarey's articles visit our Health Care Forum!
This is the second of three columns dedicated to healthcare for college students. As part of the preparation, think about a first aid kit, health care history, and insurance file. For parents without other children at home, once you finish with these preparations and your child departs for college away from home, plan to take dance, art history and conversational Italian classes to occupy your time without children. Resist the temptation to be a helicopter parent…life goes on!
Remember, in living a large community and sharing close quarters makes the development and spread of disease a natural progression. College life can be very unhealthy for many reasons: lack of sleep, poor eating habits, poor hygiene and stress.
Last week we discussed common illnesses among college students, how to manage and when to seek professional help. Below you will find a list of symptoms that should never be ignored. The college health services department should be contacted if you have any of the following symptoms:
Get a small/medium plastic storage box and use it to keep all of the following health care items together in one place.
NEXT MONDAY – Read Dr. Paul J. Mackarey “Health & Exercise Forum!” Next Week: “Health Tips for College Students – Part III”
This article is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have questions related to your medical condition, please contact your family physician. For further inquires related to this topic email: drpmackarey@msn.com
Paul J. Mackarey PT, DHSc, OCS is a Doctor in Health Sciences specializing in orthopedic and sports physical therapy. Dr. Mackarey is in private practice and is an associate professor of clinical medicine at GCSOM.
For all of Dr. Mackarey's articles visit: www.mackareyphysicaltherapy.com/forum
It is hard to believe it is that time of year when parents and students are preparing to return to school. Many will leave home for the first time as college freshmen. Over the past month I have received several requests for a copy of my three part series of columns on health tips for college students. In view of this, I thought other parents preparing to send a child off to college this fall might also find this information valuable.
To fully appreciate the importance of this topic, one must keep in mind that living in a large community and sharing close quarters is the first ingredient in the development and spread of disease. College life can be very unhealthy for many reasons. Lack of sleep, poor eating habits and stress add spice to the recipe for disease. Lastly, poor hygiene added to the equation, will really get the Petri dish cooking up some nasty germs.
These are caused by viruses. While both are similar flu symptoms are typically more severe.
Cold Symptoms: coughing, sneezing, watery eyes, mild fevers
Flu Symptoms: high fever (above 102 degrees), body aches, dry cough, upset stomach or vomiting
Covid-19 Symptoms: can appear 2-14 days after exposure and can vary from mild to severe; fever, chills, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, muscle or body aches, headache, loss of taste or smell, sore throat, congestion or runny nose, nausea or vomiting, diarrhea
Cold & Flu Treatment: rest, plenty of fluids, and treat symptoms. Consult your physician or college health services for the best medicines to control your symptoms. Caution should be used when taking excessive flu meds containing aspirin because an increase in complications (Reye Syndrome) are associated with the flu in college students.
Covid-19 Treatment: get tested and isolate if positive. Contact the college health services to discuss isolation and treatment protocols. If you have mild to moderate symptoms an antiviral may be recommended. Otherwise, over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be adequate with rest and fluids
Prevention: While it is not possible to prevent getting a cold or flu, you can take precautions, such as washing your hands and getting a flu shot. Get full vaccinated for Covid-19. And, depending on school protocols and infection rates, MASK UP!
Symptoms: very sore throat, pain in the ears or sinuses, persistent fever
Treatment: These symptoms require a visit to the college health services department. You may need to take antibiotics. If so, take as directed and take all of them or you may have a relapse.
Prevention: Avoid close contact with infected people – no kissing, sharing drinks or eating utensils. Wash your hands, get plenty of rest.
Meningitis is a common form of this disease that can infect the brain, spinal cord and/or blood
Symptoms: high fever, stiff neck, severe headache, a flat, pink or purple rash, nausea and vomiting, as well as sensitivity to light
Treatment: Immediate medical treatment is required. This disease is serious it can be fatal or cause permanent brain damage.
Prevention: It is strongly recommended that all teens, especially incoming freshman college students, receive a vaccine to prevent the infection of most, but not all, strains of bacteria that cause this disease.
Mono is caused by a virus and is also known as the “kissing disease.” It is very common among college students.
Symptoms: fever, sore throat, headache, swollen lymph nodes (glands) in the neck, extreme fatigue.
Treatment: If a sore throat or flu symptoms do not resolve in 7- 10 days, see your doctor for a blood test called the “monospot.” While there is nonspecific treatment, plenty of rest and a healthy diet are essential. Medication to control symptoms can also be used.
Prevention: Plenty of rest, healthy diet, good hygiene
These are very common in healthy, active college students and are rarely serious.
Symptoms: Bruises: a bump or bruise can cause the skin to turn purple, brown or red in color. Strains: are injuries to muscles or tendons from overuse or sudden overstretching. Sprains: are injuries to the ligaments which connect the bones. It can be caused by a twist or fall or awkward sudden movement.
Treatment: RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
If the pain or swelling is not improved in 1-2 days, or if you cannot bear weight on the extremity, visit the college health services dept.
Prevention: While it is important to be physically active, one must do so intelligently:
NEXT MONDAY – Read Dr. Paul J. Mackarey “Health & Exercise Forum!” Next Week: “Health Tips for College Students – Part II”
This article is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have questions related to your medical condition, please contact your family physician. For further inquires related to this topic email: drpmackarey@msn.com
Paul J. Mackarey PT, DHSc, OCS is a Doctor in Health Sciences specializing in orthopaedic and sports physical therapy. Dr. Mackarey is in private practice and is an associate professor of clinical medicine at GCSOM.
For all of Dr. Mackarey articles visit: www.mackareyphysicaltherapy.com/forum
It is two months away from the 25th Steamtown Marathon. This column is dedicated to those dedicated runners preparing for the big day, Sunday, October 9, 2022.
Congratulations and thank you to Bill King, founder and race director, and his band of brothers, for their tireless efforts organizing and sustaining a great race that instills pride for all people of NEPA. It has inspired many people, including me, to transfer the discipline and determination required to complete a marathon by overcoming challenges one mile at a time.
Now, a little marathon history: In 490 B.C. Phedippides, ran 25 miles from Marathon to Athens to deliver an important military message and died immediately. Ironically, the first marathon of the modern Olympic Games in 1896 in Athens was won by Spiridon Louis, a humble Greek peasant, who stopped along the way for a glass of wine and told the owner of the tavern that he would win the race. He was determined to pace himself properly, as he knew the dusty, hilly path better than anyone in the field. He was greeted with jubilation and become a hero and legend.
Visit your doctor regularly and listen to your body.
NEXT MONDAY – Read Dr. Paul J. Mackarey “Health & Exercise Forum!”
This article is not intended as a substitute for medical treatment. If you have questions related to your medical condition, please contact your family physician. For further inquires related to this topic email: drpmackarey@msn.com
For all of Dr. Mackarey's articles visit: www.mackareyphysicaltherapy.com/forum
Paul J. Mackarey PT, DHSc, OCS is a Doctor in Health Sciences specializing in orthopaedic and sports physical therapy. Dr. Mackarey is in private practice and is an associate professor of clinical medicine at GCSOM.
